c. conflict is a normal and necessary part of group interaction. Consummate love is made up of all three components and is the total form of love. Selective exposure has also been known and defined as "congeniality bias" or . management; 9. . Multiple Choice Actor-Network Theory suggests that human and non-human factors are equally influential in the success of technological innovation and scientific knowledge-creation. The book Learned Helplessness: A Theory for the Age of Personal Control was written by psychologist Christopher Peterson along with the first researchers to study learned helplessness, Maier and Seligman.. Strengths, Benefits, Limitations and Weaknesses of Goal Setting Theory Strengths and Benefits. In the context of the characteristics of good attitudes, the term "extravert" describes: an individual who directs his or behavior outward toward others. Identify an accurate statement about selective listening. Cognitive Dissonance. Social contract theory says that people live together in society in accordance with an agreement that establishes moral and political rules of behavior. We really could not talk about motivation without the: a. inherent drive of unfilled needs. trichromatic. Organizational Information Theory assumes: Information environment requires organization. b. creative people. Create flashcards for FREE and quiz yourself with an interactive flipper. Other Quizlet sets. Social constructionism, cognitive dissonance theory, and social identity theory were used as conceptual foundations in explaining how society constructs the status of single women, how single women are viewed and treated, and how single women manage their single social identity. Identify an accurate statement about selective listening. b) Social comparison helps identify distinctive characteristics of a person and helps in building an identity. C.When people experience cognitive dissonance, they go to extreme lengths to reduce it. This is a well-used and time-proven method to organize presentations for maximum impact. A. d. notion of cognitive dissonance. Young and Helmholtz suggested the ____________ theory to explain color vision since they knew that three colors could be used to produce the appearance of other colors. By Dr. Saul McLeod, published 2008, updated 2020 . A (n) ___ is an expectation about the occurrence of a future event or behavior that acts to increase the likelihood the event or behavior will occur. Think of motivation as a chain where each link represents a condition, and the intersection of each link represent its components: expectancy, instrumentality, and valence. Over the centuries, philosophers as far . Select one: a. analytical people. Identify a true statement about how pessimists cope with problems. The blind spot is the result of the axons from the ___________ leaving the eye to form the optic nerve to the brain. d. groups must learn to avoid conflict. The theory looks at how networks are formed and how these networks contribute to these successes. The blind spot is the result of the axons from the ___________ leaving the eye to form the optic nerve to the brain. They tend to conclude that solutions to their problems do not exist. The cognitive dissonance theory and the theory of planned behavior are minitheories that attempt to explain one way of thinking or behaving that is relevant in a number of different situations. Identify the true statement about cognitive dissonance theory: A. it assumes that for strategic reasons we express attitudes that make us appear consistent B. it highlights the arousal of tension when two differing thoughts coexist C. it focuses on doing acts as per one's discretion without providing any justification for such acts a. conflict is destructive to groups and should be avoided if possible. According to the drive theory of motivation, people are motivated to take certain actions in order to reduce the internal tension that is caused by unmet needs.For example, you might be motivated to drink a glass of water in order to reduce the internal state of thirst. True. It is the social cognitive process involved in assuming the viewpoint of others and understanding their thoughts and feelings. Examples include soft drinks, snack foods, milk etc. Social comparison theory was first proposed in 1954 by psychologist Leon Festinger and suggested that people have an innate drive to evaluate themselves, often in comparison to others. D. According to cognitive dissonance theory, there is a tendency for individuals to seek consistency among their cognitions (i.e., beliefs, opinions). In 1957, Leon Festinger proposed another theory for understanding how persuasion functions. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. Festinger's theory said that when a person holds contradictory elements in cognition (producing an unpleasant state called dissonance) the person will work to bring the elements back into agreement or congruence. When there is an inconsistency between attitudes or behaviors (dissonance), something must change to eliminate the dissonance. Leon Festinger introduced cognitive dissonance theory in a 1957 book, A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance. B. It assumes that for strategic reasons one expresses attitudes that make one appear consistent. B. It also helps to adjust them in . 17 terms. The statement of the HARYOU report that "there is no basic disagreement over the fact that central Harlem students are performing poorly in school" 39 may be taken as true of Negro slum . This is compassionate and passionate love. Travis is part of a group playing tug-of-war. Couples who experience this kind of love have great sex several years into their relationship. In the context of emotional and personality development, which of the following is true of perspective-taking? explain the difference between motivating factors and hygiene factors in Herzberg's theory of motivation. D. (b) Universal principles of management- It is possible to understand, study and practice . Social identity is a person's sense of who they are based on their group membership (s). To understand the concept of attribution, imagine that a new friend . 4. Social constructionism, cognitive dissonance theory, and social identity theory were used as conceptual foundations in explaining how society constructs the status of single women, how single women are viewed and treated, and how single women manage their single social identity. c) Social comparison eliminates the ill effects of stereotype threat. cluster. 34. Finally, the eighth type of love, according to Sternberg, is consummate love. Later in the tour, when the group came across a rose plant, George took a few moments to describe the . Attribution theory explains these attribution processes, which we use to understand why an event or behavior occurred. Social Loafing. 2 . pupil. c) Social comparison eliminates the ill effects of stereotype threat. b. hedonistic tendencies of individuals. Some people believe that if we live according to a social contract, we can live morally by our own choice and not because a divine being requires it. Therapists use it to treat phobias and other psychological disorders. Selective exposure is a theory within the practice of psychology, often used in media and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor information which reinforces their pre-existing views while avoiding contradictory information. At the time, Bem was proposing something that was counter to how people's attitudes and behaviors were thought of. Self fulfilling prophecy. e. individual's desire for pain avoidance and organizational intentions. His theory is compared to that of Piaget here. It is the primary cause of information overload. 2. 1. pupil. there are three components of love, intimacy, passion, and commitment. Selected Answer: Developmental theories propose that individuals mature physically, cognitively, and emotionally Answers: Developmental theories propose that individuals mature physically, cognitively,and . It represents an ideal relationship. Economic risk. American psychologists Joseph Luft and Harry Ingham developed this model in 1955. c. practical people. What is a true statement from that discussion? ___ refers to a negative (or positive) evaluation of a particular group and its members. It suggests that no one person or thing is solely . d. notion of cognitive dissonance. Stress management is learning about the connection between mind and body. It's now known as Monroe's Motivated Sequence. The theory is based on the uncertainty reduction theory where the vagueness on the behaviours of the others is reduced through interaction. Identify an accurate statement about selective listening. Cognitive dissonance theory suggests that the conflicting thoughts . See Page 1. Goal-setting theory is one of the most popular theories in use among I/O Psychologists due to wide support provided by extensive empirical research and its relative simplicity as compared to other theories (Locke & Latham, 2002; PSU WC, 2015, L. 6 . The theory of cognitive dissonance offers explanation for preferential treatment of certain people, usually driven by prejudicial attitudes. Cognitive Dissonance Theory. 6 Which statement is true about selective breeding and genetic engineering? Social influence. 52. 6 Which statement is true about selective breeding and genetic engineering? Executive function is at work in perspective - taking . Only '1' & '2' are right. What we want to know is whether this behavior is unusual. Components: Intimacy, Passion, and Commitment. 5. He developed a concept known as the Zone of Proximal Development which is outlined with specific reference to gifted learners here. Mike makes internal attributions for his successes and external attributions for his failures. Study ch. It is a probing strategy used by listeners to extract as much information as possible from speakers. By Dr. Saul McLeod, published 2008, updated 2020 . Attribution Theory: The Psychology of Interpreting Behavior. ganglion cells. The four type of consumer buying behavior are: Routine Response/Programmed Behavior--buying low involvement frequently purchased low cost items; need very little search and decision effort; purchased almost automatically. In the context of the theories of intelligence,_____can solve problems to which there are no preexisting solutions and no proven formulas. The process by which individuals perceive what they want to in media messages. He knows that his team is stronger, so he doesn't try as hard as he could. Q3. Cognitive dissonance theory is an aversive motivational state that occurs when an individual entertains two or more contradictory attitudes, values, beliefs, or behaviors simultaneously. Which of the following statements is true of the nativist theory of language . Communication Theories. Prejudice. D. Which of the following statements is true about stress management. it highlights the arousal of tension when two differing thoughts coexist. which people belonged to were an important source of pride and self-esteem. The 'Johari' window model is a convenient method used to achieve this task of understanding and enhancing communication between the members in a group. Selective perception. Indicate whether the statement is true or false. This is known as the principle of cognitive consistency. d.some people do not experience dissonance at all. Stress management helps us control our health in a positive sense. . 14 quiz flashcards. Young and Helmholtz suggested the ____________ theory to explain color vision since they knew that three colors could be used to produce the appearance of other colors. It focuses on doing acts as per one's discretion without providing any justification for such acts. Distinctiveness refers to whether an individual displays a behavior in many situations or whether it is particular to one situation. Introduction Expectancy violation is a communication theory which tries to explain the unexpected behaviours of human beings while interacting. For example, maybe you know you should . a) When engaging in social comparison, people try to act like others and lose their true identity. It states that one feels tension when one has multiple consistent thoughts. Although, in 1965, Tuckman proposed a four-stage group development theory but later added the fifth stage called adjourning. Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory A. social class, family, football team etc.) Identify a true statement about dissonance theory. Eighty percent of all American workers report they feel workplace stress at least some of the time. Does that help you identify the flower?" After a few moments of silence from the group, George stated, "This is a hydrangea." George then took a few more minutes to describe how to identify a hydrangea plant and flower. The clashing cognitions may include ideas, beliefs, or the knowledge that . Identify a true statement about loyalty programs in the United States . c. interaction of individuals and their situations to satisfy unmet needs and resolve dissonance. 36. Lev Vyotsky was a Belarusian psychologist whose work has become the foundation of much research and theory in cognitive development. Which of the following statements is true of social comparison? b) Social comparison helps identify distinctive characteristics of a person and helps in building an identity. e. individual's desire for pain avoidance and organizational intentions. The theory was intended to explain all behaviors over which people have the ability to exert self-control. "It's an uncomfortable state of mind when someone has contradictory values, attitudes, or perspectives about the same thing," says psychiatrist Grant H. Brenner MD, FAPA, co-founder of Neighborhood Psychiatry, in Manhattan. d. emotive people. The drive theory is based on the concept of homeostasis, or the idea that the body actively works to maintain . b. hedonistic tendencies of individuals. a) When engaging in social comparison, people try to act like others and lose their true identity. False. in Psychology. A consumer is more likely to experience true dissonance following a purchase when: the consumer has low self-confidence. Tajfel (1979) proposed that the groups (e.g. 1 People make all kinds of judgments about themselves, and one of the key ways that we do this is through social comparison, or analyzing the self in . usually be true. This preview shows page 26 - 30 out of 57 pages. . . With regard to attribution theory, as counselors we need to recognize that people are responsible for their own behavior but at the same time also respond to external events. B. There are a variety of ways to lessen stress in the workplace. Both cognitive dissonance theory and attribution theory provide alternative explanations of attitude formation and change that suggest that behavior might precede attitudes. They cannot imagine themselves with anyone else. Question 8. Distinctiveness. Consummate or complete love comprises all three points of the triangle: intimacy, passion, and commitment. (True) 2. When there is an inconsistency between attitudes or behaviors (dissonance), something must change to eliminate the . 2) dissonance is created by psychological inconsistencies 3) dissonance is a state we seek to avoid . Selective exposure is a theory within the practice of psychology, often used in media and communication research, that historically refers to individuals' tendency to favor information which reinforces their pre-existing views while avoiding contradictory information. In simple the clash of mind when we have to choose from the choices is can be called cognitive dissonance. The social public image of any person is just a display of the person according to his/her needs . The minority culture gradually loses all of the markers that set it . True. The key component to this model is behavioral intent; behavioral intentions are influenced by the attitude about the likelihood that the behavior will have the expected outcome and the subjective evaluation of the risks and benefits of . A. selective exposure B. absolute distortion C. selective persuasion D. selective attention E. selective distortion. It is the primary cause of information overload. Social Cognitive Theory. Social cognitive theory is a subset of cognitive theory. Stress, or the body's response to a change that requires a physical, mental or emotional response, is always bad for the individual. trichromatic. Identify a true statement about facts and theories. E. Identify a simple, quick goal to get you started. False. Question 3 Which of the following statements about developmental theories is true? The theory of planned behavior was developed based on the theory of reasoned . Cognitive dissonance is a term for the state of discomfort felt when two or more modes of thought contradict each other. Stress management teaches us to avoid all kinds of stress. Group decision-making (also known as collaborative decision-making) is a kind of participatory process in which every individuals of the group acting collectively, analyze problems or situations, consider and evaluate alternative action to be taken, and select from among the alternatives a solution or solutions. The theory was developed from the Nonverbal expectancy violation model by Judee.K.Burgoon which described [] It is the act of attempting to change the opinions, beliefs, or choices of others by explanation or argument. Answer: FALSE Diff: 2 Page Ref: 289 Topic: Attitudes and Job Performance 10) The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) lacks evidence to support its validity. They more often work by offering on - the - spot discounts . 1. 4 The lecture emphasized that a characteristic of Christian counseling was an absolute reliance on technique 30. Identify an accurate statement about selective listening. Alan H. Monroe, a Purdue University professor, used the psychology of persuasion to develop an outline for making speeches that will deliver results, and wrote about it in his book Monroe's Principles of Speech. L'inscription et faire des offres sont gratuits. The Five Stages of Tuckman's Theory of Communication are Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing, and Adjourning. . ganglion cells. An attitude is best described as: an evaluation of people, ideas, issues, situations, or objects. 37. Selective perception. Give examples of each, preferably from your own experience.Next, imagine that you manage the customer-service department of Digital Media, a company that provides TV . The idea was derived as the upshot of the group dynamics in University of California and was later improved . Stan has not shopped at Resplendent Stores, a chain of retail stores, in more than two . chancopelan. Answer: TRUE 34. It chronicles the studies that prompted the theory of learned helplessness and provides a cogent and comprehensive summary of the research up to the book's publication (in 1995) on the . Festinger's (1957) cognitive dissonance theory suggests that we have an inner drive to hold all our attitudes and behavior in harmony and avoid disharmony (or dissonance). We really could not talk about motivation without the: a. inherent drive of unfilled needs. In the case of a discrepancy between attitudes and behavior, it is most . Question 9. In psychology, attribution is a judgment we make about the cause of another person's behavior. industrial-psychology. Random questions for the quiz 4/10/2015. Some of the elements of classical theory are still with us, in one form or another: (a) Inter-related functions- Management consists of several inter-related and inter-dependent functions such as planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. Chercher les emplois correspondant Identify a true statement about how presidential campaign financing has changed over time quizlet ou embaucher sur le plus grand march de freelance au monde avec plus de 21 millions d'emplois. Social judgment theory claims that an individual's position on an issue depends on three things. Attribution theory is an approach used to explain how we judge people differently, based on what meaning we attribute to a given behavior. First, their anchor, or their preferred position on the issue. A. selective exposure B. absolute distortion C. selective persuasion D. selective attention E. selective distortion. Most people would agree, for example, that a . the theory-of-reasoned-action models) have received much attention from consumer . Daryl Bem proposed self-perception theory in 1967 when he argued that people sometimes analyze their own behavior in the same fashion as they would analyze someone else's behavior. 2) dissonance is created by psychological inconsistencies 3) dissonance is a state we seek to avoid . Multiple Choice C. It supports the fact that discomfort remains unaffected by judging one's actions to oneself. The most common cultural change when two cultures compete is assimilation of the minority culture into the majority culture. c. interaction of individuals and their situations to satisfy unmet needs and resolve dissonance. This theory brings together two components: proximity /the study of person's space/ and kinesics /the study of communication and body language/. In our car example, the anchor would . (False) 3. 38. C. It assumes that for strategic reasons we express attitudes that make us appear consistent. Drive Theory . Consummate love is often idealized, although it is very difficult to maintain long-term. Advertising campaigns and peer pressure situations are good examples. This is cognitive dissonancea mental conflict that occurs when your beliefs don't line up with your actions. Identify a true statement about cognitive dissonance theory. 9) Cognitive dissonance theory seeks to explain the correlated relationship between the affective, cognitive, and behavioral components of attitudes. It involves the space between individuals, the 'proper' distance to be maintained (within contexts relationships) and what happens when the boundaries are crossed. It is primarily focused on the ways in which we learn to model the behavior of others. Which of the following statements is true of social comparison? Selective exposure has also been known and defined as "congeniality bias" or . Travis is engaged in. The process by which individuals perceive what they want to in media messages. . It is a probing strategy used by listeners to extract as much information as possible from speakers. It is most commonly referred to as the planning fallacy. Tuckman's theory assists group members in subduing the group barriers. Expectancy Theory or "VIE Theory" is based on the premise that motivation occurs when three specific conditions are satisfied: effort, performance, and outcome. b. conflict usually only yields positive effects.